Details of Derrick Knowledge

The basic parameters of the derrick The basic parameters of the derrick are the indicators that indicate the characteristics of the derrick and are the basis for the design, selection and use of the derrick.

1) Maximum hook load

The safe carrying capacity of the derrick is usually expressing as the maximum hook load of the rig or workover rig attached. Maximum hook load refers to the maximum load that the hook itself can hang under the condition that the dead rope is fixed in the specifiing position under normal wind load and the second floor platform does not store the vertical root or sucker rod. It does not include the weight of the crane, traveling block, hook and walking wire.

2) Height of derrick

The nominal height of the derrick is the vertical height from the upper leg of the derrick to the floor of the crane beam. The effective height of the derrick is the vertical height from the top of the rig beam to the floor of the crane beam. The effective height of each type of derrick mounted on the top of the rig floor girder is the nominal height

3) 5 “or 4-1/2” drill pipe standing capacity

The 5 “pipe riser capacity is the amount of pipe that can hold 5 inches of drill pipe in the derrick. The pipe capacity of the derrick is usually expressing as the total length. It should be suitable for the drilling depth of the rig.

The finger beam of the second floor of the derrick should be sufficient to hold all the pins. After the finger beam height is determining, the drill pipe capacity will be determining by the effective area enclosing by the finger beam of the second floor. It should be determining by the number of pins to be storing and the diameter of the pins (the diameter of the joints or couplings).

Vi. Derrick disassembly and installation and operating procedures

1. On-site installation of derrick

1) Preparation before installation

Foundation requirements: The foundation of the well site should meet the requirements.

Before installation, the derrick shall be counting and checked according to the specifications and quantity of the derrick components, and the components shall be sorted out according to the letter symbols on the marking plate.

Install the base as required and find the correct size.

2) Installation of derrick

The main leg of the derrick in the left and right sections Ⅰ to Ⅳ is in place, and then the thigh pins, shear pins and pins are driven into the thigh, and the section to section is connecting with the double cone pins, shear pins and pins, and the period becomes the left and right thighs, and the small supports are using to support them. Then install the back fan rigid frame, rigid frame, inclined rod, crane, ladder, riser operating platform, tongs balancing device, lifting rope and other components in sequence.

Hoist the derrick and install the second floor and accessories.

Level the ramp of the base, and then tie the lifting rope

Install the derrick hydraulic buffer cylinder, pipes and various control valves, and connect the hydraulic source.

Install the dead line guard after the derrick is installing.

4) Hoisting derrick rope

The length of the derrick line is basically the same as that of the front open derrick. The length of the derrick line is as follows.

Check the lifting rope carefully before threading, and there should be no defects.

The lifting rope is placing in front of the derrick, and the leading rope is connecting with the lifting rope.

Rope is threading by pulling the lead rope with the equipment.

The lifting rope is fixing on the base, and is stuck firmly + according to the standard

3. Lifting of derrick

1) Preparation for lifting

(1) After the derrick is installing, check all connecting bolts and dowels to ensure the correctness of all connections.

(2) The pulley and shaft should be guaranteing to be in good lubrication, and can operate freely

(3) The two hoisting ropes should be free from broken wire, arc burning, overcurrent annealing, serious corrosion, loose joint of tank zinc, bump of pin, cracks of ear plate, ear seat and weld, etc.

(4) Clean everything on the derrick that has nothing to do with lifting the derrick. Prevent falling objects from hurting people during lifting.

(5) Check the wear, broken wire and rust of all wire ropes.

And replace the new ropes immediately if they meet the scrapping standard.

(6) The dead rope end should be correctly and firmly fixed on the dead rope fixer

(7) Ensure that the winch brake is in normal working condition. For new brake belt, the driller shall run in the new brake belt and test the sensitivity of the brake and air valve according to the usual procedure.

(8) Check the connection pins, ear plates and pins of the herringbone frame.

(9) Check the hydraulic buffer cylinder to ensure the smooth flow of the pipeline.

The correct working position of various valve bodies and the normal operation of the hydraulic source, and pay attention to the exhaust road and the residual air in the cylinder.

(10) Before the derrick is lifted, the hydraulic buffer cylinder should be extending to the position of maximum working stroke.

(11) Before the derrick is raising, the high support must be supporting on the highest position.

(12) Ensure that the pressure fan works normally and the air storage tank and air path are unblocking.

(13) Ensure that the power system of the motor is in normal working condition

(14) When lifting the derrick, it shall be operating according to API-4E Recommending Method for Low Temperature Operation.

(15) The lifting and lowering of the derrick shall be carriing out under the unified command of specially-assigned personnel, and the operator shall be familiar with the performance and operation method of the rig. Pay attention to safety and follow safe operating procedures.

(16) When lifting or lowering the derrick, it is forbidden to stand in the affecting area to avoid accidents.

(17) During the installation, lifting and lowering of the derrick, the second floor platform shall not be using as the support of the derrick.

(18) When the derrick is raising, the operation platform of the second floor shall be overturning and fixed firmly

(19) Before the derrick is raised, the high support must be supporting on the highest position

2) Lift

Remove power when the derrick is steadily raised to contact with the outstretching end of the buffer cylinder with the winch in low gear. The derrick continues to lift by inertia, and the buffer cylinder slowly and smoothly contracts until the derricks is in position.

After the derrick is in place, connect the derricks to the herringbone and insert shear pins and pins. Hang the lifting rope on the lifting rope hanger and secure it to the rigid frame with a safety chain. The lifting process is complete

4. Lower the derrick

Running the derrick is the opposite of lifting the derricks. That is, first hang the hook and lifting balance frame, put the high support in the designated position.

Loosen the dowel connecting the derrick and the hermann frame.

And turn up the tongue of the second floor and fix it firmly.

The buffer cylinder is then slowly pushed out.

And the driller should operate the winch according. To the velocity of the cylinder to lower the derricks smoothly on the high support.

5. Disassembly of derrick

The removal of the derrick is the opposite of the installation procedure.

Vii. Maintenance requirements and failure analysis of derrick

1. Lubrication

Periodically fill the rotating part of the derricks with lithium grease. The oil filling period shall be once before each lifting and once before each running.

2. Maintenance and maintenance

1) The derrick man shall conduct daily safety inspection of the derrick, including checking whether fasteners such as bolts.

Pins and pins are firmly connecting, whether there is loss, and whether the weld is cracking.

Whether the derricks members are bent, deforming or cracking.

Whether the ladder railing and platform are in good condition and safe.

And whether the parts and suspension parts connecting to the derrick are in danger of falling, etc. If problems are found, they should be repairing in time.

2) Pipelines and hydraulic sources in the buffer device system of the derricks should be disassembling and storing after the derricks is raising or lowering.

While the two liquid cylinders are fixing on the hermetic frame without disassembly, and the pipeline interface should be protecting with protective caps.

3) The tongue and beam of the second floor should be preventing from impact when turning over.

Especially when the tongue is turning down after the derrick is lifted.

The brown rope should be using to pull it to the working position without impact.

4) During the operation, it is necessary to prevent the large hook, sling ring.

Lifting clamp and other moving parts from colliding with the second floor tongue and other parts.

5) The ladder on the derrick is generally only using by the derricks man to get on and off the derrick during operation and maintenance.

More than two people are not allowing to get on the derrick at the same time. The leader of the rig team should give permission for the non-derrick man to get on the derrick.

6) After drilling a well or within one year.

The derricks shall be thoroughly inspectoing by the safety technical department according to the inspection content of API-4F, and the necessary repair work shall be done

Viii. Operating rules of the base

1. Installation and test run of the base

1. According to the general foundation drawing of the rig.

Draw the center line of the borehole and the position line of the lower seat on the pre-made basis as shown in Figure 4- and 4-, and install the following parts as required:

1) Install the borehole center sign of the left and right lower seat of the bottom layer.

The bottom pull beam and the left and right lower seat of the bottom stay beam to align with the borehole center in a straight line.

2) Install the front column, inclined tie rod and rear column of the base.

3) Assemble all components of the top layer (except left and right beam).

4) Connect the top layer with the front and back columns, diagonal tie rods, pin, wear shear pins and safety pins.

5) Install winch and turntable.

6) Install railings

2. Lifting of the base

1. Check before lifting:

1) The assembly relationship of the base components is correct.

2) The two ends of each lifting rod (front column, inclined tie rod, rear column) are firmly connecting, and the rotating part of the dowel is coating with lubricating oil.

3) The lifting rope has no obvious defects, no punching phenomenon.

The rope is correctly threading, and the rope blocking device is complete.

4) The winch works normally and the brake is sensitive and reliable.

5) The hydraulic system works normally.

6) Remove the dowel connecting the top layer to the bottom layer

3. Lift the base

1) After confirming that the inspection result is good, you can use the winch IN stop to slowly lift the base.

The lifting speed should be uniform, and the speed should not be fast or slow, and the brake should not be arbitrary.

2) When lifting the base to leave the installation position, the following parts should be checking:

① Whether there are abnormal phenomena in the hoisting rope and whether the rope head is firmly connecting.

② The main stress part of the dowel, ear plate is working normally, whether there is a crack.

(3) Whether there is a crack in the ear plate weld of the main stress part.

④ Whether the wire rope is arranging neatly on the winch drum.

⑤ After confirming that the inspection result is good, place the base back to the installation position, and then formally lift the base

3. Lower the base:

1) It must also be checking before sending down. and the items to be checking are the same as those to be checking during lifting. Note: Remove the top dowel connected to the hermenel.

2) Hang the lifting balance frame on the main hook of the hook, connect the lifting rope with the lifting balance frame, and slowly tighten the lifting rope with the winch.

3) Use the base to lower the buffer cylinder, so that the base is slowly lowering. At the same time, the driller loosens the brake according to the cylinder travel. After the upper layer of the base passes the dead point, stop using the buffer cylinder, rely on the weight of the upper layer of the base, and slowly lower into place

4) When the base is fully lowering, put on the dowel that connects the bottom to the top

9. Maintenance regulations of the base

(1) Often check whether the weld of the main stress part is cracked.

Whether the ear plate is squeezed and deforming, whether the component is deforming, etc., and timely measures should be taken if abnormal conditions are found.

(2) Drilling, cutting and welding on the main bearing member of the base body shall not be allowing without the permission of the special management organization.

If it is necessary to repair or modify the base, consult with the manufacturer to obtain the confirmation of the raw materials and modification method of the base.

In the absence of the manufacturer’s consent, the operator and the maintenance and construction process shall obtain the approval of the mechanical engineer before carrying out the repair or modification.