Discussion on blowout preventer

We’re drilling. In order to prevent formation fluid from intruding into the well, the drilling fluid column pressure should always be slightly higher than the formation pressure.

But in the actual drilling operation, due to the influence of various factors, the drilling fluid column pressure in the well is less than the formation pressure.

so that the pressure balance in the well is destroyed, resulting in the blowout, resulting in human casualties, damage to the rig, damage to the oil layer, etc.

We’re during drilling operations, certain technology and equipment are needed to implement monitoring and control to prevent blowout. In the event of a blowout, the wellhead can be controlled timely and accurately, and the well can be killed to restore pressure control of the oil and gas well.

Sometimes the wellhead facilities are seriously damaged,and the pressure control of the oil and gas well is out of control, which requires emergency operations. The equipment used to accomplish this task is commonly referred to as well control equipment.

Well, we need to understand control equipment refers to a set of specialized equipment, instruments, and tools used to implement pressure control technology in oil and gas Wells.

Therefore, understanding the performance of well control equipment, correct installation and maintenance, and making well control equipment play its due function are important guarantees for well pressure control.

2.The well control equipment shall perform the following functions

1. prevent blowout. During drilling operations, the hydrostatic column pressure of drilling fluid in the hole should always be slightly higher than the formation pressure,to prevent the formation of blowout conditions.
2. timely detection of overflow. Monitor oil and gas Wells to detect blow-out warnings and take control measures as soon as possible.
3. rapid control of blowout. After overflow, well kick and blowout, the well should be shut in quickly,and the well killing operation should be carried out. Re-establish pressure balance control in the well.
4. Deal with complications. In the case of oil and gas well out of control, fire fighting and rescue operations

3.Well control equipment consists of equipment, instruments and tools.

1. wellhead BLOWout preventer group: annular blowout preventer, ram blowout preventer, four-way, etc.;
2. control system: energy storage device, remote control device, auxiliary remote control device;
3. choke manifold, kill manifold;
4. Blowout preventer tools in drilling tools: kelly ball valve, drill pipe back pressure valve, input check valve, etc.
5. weight drilling fluid device: barite powder mixing funnel device; Barite powder pneumatic unloading device;
6. Drilling fluid pumping device;
7. drilling fluid gas separator;
8. monitoring instruments: drilling fluid tank liquid level monitor, methane, hydrogen sulfide detector;
9. special operation equipment: no kill drilling pressure device, cleaning, fire extinguishing equipment, etc